<p style="text-align: center;">SONG Yu jin,GAO Ming，Zhu Xue Dong</p><p style="text-align: center;">(1.Shool of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shang Hai,200120)</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract:</strong> On the basis of the theory that Th17 cells play proinflammatory and Treg cells play an inhibitory role in the immune system, the study of the mechanism of exercise -induced immune imbalance&nbsp; has&nbsp; become&nbsp; a&nbsp; hot&nbsp; and&nbsp; difficult&nbsp; topic&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; field&nbsp; of&nbsp; sports&nbsp; immunology.This&nbsp; paper summarizes&nbsp; the&nbsp; Th17&nbsp; cells&nbsp; and&nbsp; Treg&nbsp; cells&nbsp; differentiation&nbsp; and&nbsp; its&nbsp; related&nbsp; factors,&nbsp; the&nbsp; role&nbsp; of transcription factors, The function and research status of two kinds of cells in autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and sports diseases are reviewed.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Key words</strong>: Th17 cells,Treg cells,Exercise immune imbalance,cell factor;transcription factor&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p>